Science fiction films gradually stop to be fantasy. Now scientists are as never near to creation of cybernetic organisms. On the devoted experimental biology of conference in San Francisco, in which about 12 000 persons, leading specialists, took part in this area told how through modern high-tech it is possible to recover lost or the strongly damaged extremities and separate functions of living organism.
      For example, artificial feet. They are guided the computer of ekzoskelet is framework, putting on which, a man will be able to carry loads to 90 kilograms and more with that lightness with which usually carries a load in 4-5 kilograms. These "feet" are developed doctor Khomayunom Kazeruni from the Californian university. He considers that his invention will be found by the widest application - for example, to help elderly people to recover the lost mobility. Soldiery hope that ekzoskelet will help soldiers in the field terms to get along at transporting of weights, live ammunitions and armament on considerable distances, and also substantially will heave up their power indexes and indexes of endurance.
      On information from Tokyo, an analogical invention is "hybrid auxiliary extremity" - it will be utillized the Japanese alpinists at an ascent on the mountain of Braytkhorn in Switzerland. Alpinists, equipped ekzoskeletom, will make an effort carry to the top paralysed as a result of accident of 46-years-old Seydzi Usidu and 16-years-old Koygu to Idea, which suffers from the heaviest form of dystrophy of muscles. "Hybrid extremity", joint development of company Cyberdyne and University of Tsukuba, helps people with violations of motive vehicle to manage and with more simple tasks - for example, to rise on a stair or change position of body. At last for invalids the real hopes will appear on the valuable moving, but not pitiful similarity, which an invalid carriage is.
      As for hands, development of doctor William Kraeliusa and his colleagues can replace them from American University of Rutgersa is a bionic hand of Dextra. After the certain training a man, equipped this modern prosthetic appliance, will be able to control motions of artificial hand and fingers of brush just as if it was the real: all of business is in built-in biometricheskikh sensors which allow to pass to the "hand" nervous impulses from a brain. As tests of Dextra showed, with its help a man can print and even play the piano - however, not too quickly. Development of the European analogue of this prosthetic appliance, Cyberhand, entered in the final stage.
      For eyes also there is prosthetic appliance. A bionic eye was created the group of researchers from the ophthalmology separation of University of Stanford under the direction of doctor Danielya Plankera. Them "setchatochnyy prosthetic appliance" consists of bearable processor measuring with a pocket-book, battery, implanted in an eye, three-millimetric photosensitive chip and miniature video camera, assembled on the special glasses. This system is called to recover the functions of photosensitive receptors of eye lost as a result of degenerative diseases of retina. It is assumed that patients, equipped this device, will be able to recognize the persons of people and read large inscriptions. The clinical tests of the first generation of these prosthetic appliances must begin in one and a half years.
      Snail implantaty will help to recover the lost ear. Professor Verner Nakhtigal' from University of Saara and chapter of research separation of company Phonak doctor Shtefan Launer after the protracted study of processes of co-operation of brain and ears able to model this process and created the new generation of miniature implantatov, which are implanted in the snail of ear. Similar kokhlearnye (snail) implantaty is utillized for renewal of ear already more than two decades. Unlike an ordinary hearing device which strengthens a sound only, kokhlearnyy implantat operates in two stages: in the beginning he through a miniature microphone, fastened after an ear, catches a sound, and then like a radio signal passes him to the implantirovannomu into an ear receiver which stimulates an auditory nerve.